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MASTER EXAM ORAL QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS - LATEST QUESTIONS | Page 25
Q. 241) Latest amendment on roro space fire fighting ?
X
Fire integrity of bulkheads and deck for RORO spaces
For cargo ships 500gt or above the fire integrity of bulkheads and decks of roro spaces or vehicle spaces should be increased from “h†to A30 class
For roro spaces on passenger ships carrying more than 36 passengers, the bulkheads and decks between roro spaces and special category spaces should be increased from A0 to A30
Application: - New ships constructed (keel-laid) on or after 1 July 2014
Protection of vehicle, special category and ro-ro spaces (Amendments to SOLAS II-2/20
Amendments to SOLAS II-2/20 were adopted, in which a fixed gas fire-extinguishing system, a fixed high-expansion foam fire-extinguishing system or a fixed water-based fire-fighting system are prescribed in order to clarify the requirements of fixed
fire-extinguishing systems for ro-ro spaces and vehicle spaces.
Application: - New ships constructed (keel-laid) on or after 1 July 2014
Q. 242) What is scopic ? who can invoke scopic ?
XSpecial compensation P & I clause
its a clause incorporated in LOF, wherein the Article 14 can be replaced by scopic clause.
Article 14 has lots of ambiguities leading to claims and litigations between the salvor and owner. so in order to avoid the diffences P&I club came out with scopic to avoid and simplify the settlements after salvage.
SCOPIC has pre determined rates which leads to ease of settlement.
SCOPIC can be invoked by Salvor upon written notice to the owner.
Q. 243) Difference between substandard ships & unseaworthy ships ?
XSubstandard ship:-A ship whose hull, machinery, equipment, or operational safety is substantially below the standards required by the relevant convention or whose crew is not in conformance with the safe manning document
Unseaworthy ship:- means under mentioned items of the ship are such as to make it unfit for the proposed voyage or service
1. the materials of construction,
2. her construction,
3. the qualification of master, the number, description and qualification of the crew including officers,
4. the weight, description and stowage of the cargo and ballast,
5. the condition of her hull and equipment, boilers and machinery
Unsafe ship :- means under mentioned items of the ship are such as to make the ship unfit to proceed to sea on the intended service without endangering human life
1.Defective condition of her hull, equipment or machinery,
2.Over loading or improper loading,
Q. 244) What are type1 , type-2 & type-3 ships in chemical tankers ?
XIMO Ship Type 1 : is a chemical tanker intended for the transportation of products considered to present the greatest overall hazard. The quantity of cargo required to be carried in a Type 1 ship should not exceed 1,250 m3 in any one tank
IMO Ship Type 2 : is intended to transport products with appreciably severe environmental and safety hazards which require significant preventive measures to preclude escape of such cargo. The quantity of cargo required to be carried in a Type 2 ship should not exceed 3000 m3 in any one tank
IMO Ship Type 3 : is a chemical tanker intended to transport products with sufficiently severe environmental and safety hazards. These products require a moderate degree of containment to increase survival capability in a damaged condition. There is no filling restriction for chemicals assigned to Ship Type 3
Cargo Tank Location
Cargo tanks shall be located at the following distances inboard:
Type 1 ships: from the side shell plating, not less than the transverse extent of damage specified in 2.5.1.1.2, (B/5 or 11.5m whichever is less), and from the moulded line of the bottom shell plating at center line, not less than the vertical extent of damage specified in 2.5.1.2.3, (B/15 or 6 m whichever is less), and nowhere less than 760 mm from the shell plating. This requirement does not apply to the tanks for diluted slops arising from tank washing.
2 Type 2 ships: from the moulded line of the bottom shell plating at centerline, not less than the vertical extent of damage specified in 2.5.1.2.3, (B/15 or 6 m whichever is less), and nowhere less than 760 mm from the shell plating. This requirement does not apply to the tanks for diluted slops arising from tank washing.
3 Type 3 ships: no requirement"
Q. 245) What are the changes to scopic 2011
X1.An average 10% increase in the Appendix ‘A’ Tariff Rates, and,
2.Some changes to the Equipment itemised in the Schedule of Portable Salvage Equipment.
The Appendix ‘A’ Clause 3 (c) & (d) ‘cap’ multipliers of 1.5, were increased to 2.0 and 2.5
respectively. It was also agreed by the SCOPIC Committee that in future there will be a triennial review
of the SCOPIC Clause and the Tariff Rates, so that later in 2013, there will be a review which
will lead to the publication of SCOPIC 2014.
3.A further development during 2011 was the publication of a new Lloyd’s Standard Form of
Salvage Agreement, LOF 2011. This new LOF came into effect on May 9th 2011. The main changes in LOF 2011 relate to;
The publication of future LOF Awards on the Lloyd’s Website, subject to conditions set out in the Lloyd’s Standard Salvage Arbitration Clauses.
A new requirement to notify the Council of Lloyds within 14 days of agreeing LOF.
A new requirement regarding the provision of security for the fees and expenses of Lloyds and the Arbitrator/Appeal Arbitrator.
New special provisions dealing with salved Container ships in respect of notices to salved property, binding unrepresented interests to settlement agreements, and excluding low value cargo from the salved fund.
Q. 246) When do you request for salvage ? what is lof ?
XFactors to be considered
a. Available time versus the proximity of danger
b. whether owner can arrange for towage or salvage contract
c. nature of sea bed / possibility of anchoring / proximity of shoals, dangers / sea state, current, tide, weather/ threat of pollution / availability of assistance / man power and safety of personnel.
After considering the above factors if you feel requesting for a salvage is the best option under the given circumstances, you will go ahead and request for salvage.
Q. 247) Stability req for contr ships
XMinimum stability criteria for Container ships
The area under GZ curve should not be less than 0.009/C m-r up to an angle of heel of 30 degrees.
The area under GZ curve should not be less than 0.016/C m-r up to an angle of heel of 40 degrees or angle of flooding (angle at which the lower edges of any openings in the hull, superstructures or deck houses, being openings which cannot be closed water tight are immersed) whichever is lower.
The area of GZ curve between 30 degrees and 40 degrees should not be less than 0.006/C m-r.
The righting lever shall be at least 0.033/C m at an angle of heal equal to or greater than 30 degrees.
The maximum GZ should be 0.042/C m.
The total area under the righting lever curve (GZ curve) up to the angle of flooding should not be less then 0.029/C m-r.
In the stability criteria, C to be calculated as follows:
C = dD'/Bm2(d/KG) X (CB/CW)2 X (100/L)
Q. 248) Who is the wreck receiver , when can a wreck be sold and where the money goes ?
XThe Merchant Shipping (Wrecks and Salvage) Rules, 1974
Wreck receiver could be Deputy Conservator or Harbour Master or for minor ports the the district magistrate.
Where the estimated value of any wreck exceeds five hundred rupees, the receiver may, in addition to the notification referred not to in sub-rule (1), publicise the wreck by an advertisement in three or a consecutive issues of at least two news papers which have a wide circulation in the Mercantile Marine Department District concerned.
Sub-rule (1)-
Every such notification shall be issued within forty eight hours of taking possession of the wreck and be displayed on the notice board in the office of the receiver for not less than fourteen days. A copy of every such notification shall be sent to the principal officer.
Any rightful owner of a wreck, who has established his title to a wreck or any part I thereof or the sale proceeds of such wreck or part thereof to the satisfaction of the receiver in accordance with the provisions of these rules, shall be under an obligation to pay to the receiver salvage charges, any other expenditure properly incurred by the receiver for the recovery, preservation or safety of the wreck and fees payable to the receiver.
Receiver may sell any unclaimed wreck which attracts the provisions of section 398 of the Act in accordance with the provisions of rule 15.
No wreck which does not attract the provisions of section 398 of the Act, may be sold except under instructions in writing from the Central Government or any other officer authorised by it in this behalf. In respect of every such wreck receiver shall seek instructions from the Central Government or any other officer authorised by it in this behalf through the principal officer immediately after expiry of 12 months from the date of taking possession of the wreck.
Procedure for the sale of a wreck
(l) A receiver shall not sell any wreck otherwise than by public auction. Every such sale shall be made on as is where is basis with purchaser assuming full responsibility for any taxes payable to Government or port authorities and for encumberance on the wreck such as maritime liens.
(2)A notice for sale of a wreck shall be published not less than fourteen days in advance of the appointed date of sale, in three consecutive issues of at least two daily news papers having a wide circulation in the Mercantile Marine Department District concerned. Every such notice shall include
(a)the description of the wreck under sale, its site and other known details, if any;
(b)the percentage of the auction price that shall have to be paid as down- payment immediately after the conclusion of the auction;
(c)the period within which the balance amount shall be payable by the successful bidder;
(d)any other details as may be deemed necessary depending upon the nature of the wreck being sold and the circum stances under which it is being sold;
(e)a provision reserving right in the receiver to reject highest bid or to postpone or cancel the sale without assigning any reason there for;
(f)a provision to the effect that amount of down-payment referred to in clause (b) shall be liable to forefeiture, should the successful bidder fail to effect full and final payment of the balance amount the period stipulated in clause (c )
Q. 249) Will the vessel squat only by stern & squats by head when or in what conditions
X•Ship’s speed- More the speed more the squat & lesser the speed lesser the squat.
•The Trim of the Ship- If a ship is having a trim, the ship will squat by deeper end regardless the shape of the hull.
•Cb ( >0.7 )Box like ships will squat by head. E.g. Tankers, Bulk Carriers Where as streamlined ships will squat by stern. E.g. Container ships, Battle ships. Higher the (Cb), higher the squat.
•The draft to depth ratio-If it is 2, there is negligible squat.
•The narrowness of the channel or cannel-In narrow channels side water to the ship is less, so void created by ship will be filled by below water so the ship will squat more.
In shallow waters - Squat = 2(Cb x V2)/ 100
Q. 250) C / e reports 2 / e not obeying orders. / two seaman fights on board. as a master , action ?
XMake an inquiry to the c/e and 2/e ( e can accompany a witness ). c/o to be there for witness
Fines / penalty
•2 days to 1 month wages.
•Rs.500.
•1 to 3 months imprisonment.
•6 days pay for each day of continued disobedience.
•Reimbursement of expenses incurred for engaging a substitute.
Make an entry in the OLB duly signed by himself, mate and one crew member.
Give a copy of the entry to the seaman and record this in the OLB.
Read out the entry to him and record this in the OLB.
Record in the OLB any reply given by him.
If any fine is imposed on the seaman for misconduct, as per the agreement, it shall be dealt with as follows :
If he is discharged in India, and the Shipping Master is satisfied about his offence, then the fine shall be deducted from his wages and given to the SM.
If he is discharged outside India, then the fine shall be recorded in the OLB, duly signed by the Consular Officer if he is satisfied, and given to the SM at the discharge port.
Master shall be fined 6 times the amount of fines retained by him.
All fines collected by the SM shall be used for the welfare of seamen.
