MASTER EXAM ORAL QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS - LATEST QUESTIONS | Page 135

8.72 K
FOLLOW

http://www.imo.org/Conventions/mainframe.asp?topic_id=258&doc_id=681

45
FOLLOW

The Convention on the Prevention of Marine Pollution by Dumping of Wastes and Other Matter 1972, the London Convention for short, is one of the first global conventions to protect the marine environment from human activities and has been in force since 1975. Its objective is to promote the effective control of all sources of marine pollution and to take all practicable steps to prevent pollution of the sea by dumping of wastes and other matter. Currently, 87 States are Parties to this Convention.

In 1996, the London Protocol was agreed to further modernize the Convention and, eventually, replace it. Under the Protocol all dumping is prohibited, except for possibly acceptable wastes on the so-called reverse list. The Protocol entered into force on 24 March 2006 and there are currently 42 Parties to the Protocol.

This list includes the
following:
1 dredged material;
2 sewage sludge;
3 fish wastes;
4 vessels and platforms;
5 inert, inorganic geological material
(e.g., mining wastes);
6 organic material of natural origin;
7 bulky items primarily comprising iron, steel
and concrete; and
8 carbon dioxide streams from carbon dioxide
capture processes for sequestration.

Generic Guidelines and comprehensive Specific Guidelines have been developed for all wastes on the reverse list. These Guidelines contain step-by step procedures to evaluate wastes being considered for sea disposal, including waste prevention
audits, assessment of alternatives,
waste characterization, assessment of potential adverse environmental effects of dumping, disposal site selection,monitoring and licensing procedures.



NOTE - INDIA has not ratified the Convention nor the Protocol.

36
FOLLOW

Letter of Indemnity is issued by one party under contract (usually the charterer) to indemnify the other party (usually the owner/master of the vessel) from any consequences of following the orders/requests of the first party which may be contrary to the terms of the contract.
It is usually issued for discharging without the presentation of bill(s) of lading.
Though prevalent, it has no legal standing in a court of law.
The owner may accept the LOI under the supervision of  his P&I club after which he should explicitly tell the master to Discharge the cargo.
Under no case shall a LOI be accepted for any alterations to a B/L which tend to change the description, date or place of shipping as this comprises maritime fraud.

1
FOLLOW

1. Facilitates International Maritime Traffic.
2. Prevent unnecessary delay to ship, crew passengers & Cargo.
3. Uniformities in formalities, documentary requirements & procedure.
4. It consists of standards & recommended practices, Consist of 7 forms, 2 documents as per postal convention.
5. ADA & EDI(Automatic data processing and Electronic data Interchange) can be utilized due to uniform layout.
6. Language difficulties are minimized.
7. Action when stowaway are found having inadequate docs.
8. Stowaway formalities concerning repatriation.    

27
FOLLOW

ground vsl light as per length

45
FOLLOW

If she ran aground while performing Mine clearance operations she may continue to show her engaged in mine clearance lights to warn other ships to keep clear by atleast  1000 mtrs.