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MASTER EXAM ORAL QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS - LATEST QUESTIONS | Page 136
Q. 1351) Bonding wire ? what does isgott say ?
X
In the past, it was usual to connect the ship and shore systems by a bonding wire via a flameproof switch before the cargo connection was made and to maintain this bonding wire in position until after the cargo connection was broken. The use of this bonding wire had no relevance to electrostatic charging. It was an attempt to short-circuit the ship/shore electrolytic/cathodic protection systems and to reduce the ship/shore voltage to such an extent that currents in hoses or in metal arms would be negligible. However, because of the large current availability and the difficulty of achieving a sufficiently small electrical resistance in the ship/shore bonding wire, this method has been found to be quite ineffective for its intended purposes and, furthermore, a possible hazard to safety. The use of ship/shore bonding wires is therefore not supported.
While some national and local regulations still require mandatory connection of a bonding cable, it should be noted that the IMO %u2018Recommendations for the Safe Transport, Handling, and Storage of Dangerous Substances in Port Areas%u2019 urge port authorities to discourage the use of ship/shore bonding cables and to adopt the recommendation concerning the use of an insulating flange or a single length of non-conducting hose as described above. Insulating flanges should be designed to avoid accidental short circuiting.
Q. 1352) What are the limits of liability as per opa -90 ?
XEffective from 31 July the new limits of liability are;
For a single-hull tank vessel less than or equal to 3,000 gross tons, the greater of $3,200 per gross ton or $6,408,000.
For a single-hull tank vessel greater than 3,000 gross tons, the greater of $3,200 per gross ton or $23,496,000.
For a tank vessel less than or equal to 3,000 gross tons, other than a single hull tank vessel, the greater of $2,000 per gross ton or $4,272,000.
For a tank vessel greater than 3,000 gross tons, other than a single-hull tank vessel, the greater of $2,000 per gross ton or $17,088,000.
For any other vessel, the greater of $1,000 per gross ton or $854,400
Q. 1353) When did MARPOL annex 4 and annex 6 entered into force ?
XAn up to date list of Status of all Convention can be found at
http://www.imo.org/Conventions/mainframe.asp?topic_id=247
Q. 1354) Latest amendments of ROR ? what is wig ? difference btw wig , air cushion and sea plane ?
XQ. 1355) What is ballast bonus ? is ballast bonus only in voyage or time charterer or both ? exception clauses ?
XA ballast bonus is a time charter concept and it refers to a lumpsum payment 'sometimes' made to a shipowner (by the charterer) as compensation for delivering a ship in a loading region of the world!
Q. 1356) Which all vessels will the PSC not inspect ?
Xv/l visiting our ports frm adjsent countries use for govermental offical transport,warships,fpso!!,ferries use for less dn 1 hr sailing,supply v/l....etc.
Noble vessels,vessel's used for governmental purposes,war ships and vessel's outside the scope of IMO shall not be subjected to PSC inspections.
Q. 1357) Twin screw propellor which one would you prefer inward or outward and reason ?
X
outward turning propeeler,because of better manoueverabilty at low speed.off set coz of propeller shift and transverse thrust act in the same dirn
Q. 1358) What is the segregation in IMDG code ? how do you do it for container ship ?
XIMDG code Vol1 chapter 7.2 on Segregation gives all the information on segregation.
Basically there are 4 types of segregation-
1 - Away from - Effectively segregated so that the incompatible goods cannot interact dangerously in the event of an accident but may be transported in the same compartment or hold or on deck, provided a minimum horizontal separation of 3 metres, projected vertically, is obtained.
2 - Separated from- In different compartments or holds when stowed under deck. Provided the intervening deck is resistant to fire and liquid, a vertical separation, i.e. in different compartments, may be accepted as equivalent to this segregation. For on deck stowage, this segregation means a separation by a distance of at least 6 metres horizontally.
3 - Separated by a complete compartment or hold from - Either a vertical or a horizontal separation. If the intervening decks are not resistant to fire and liquid, then only a longitudinal separation, i.e. by an intervening complete compartment or hold, is acceptable. For on deck stowage, this segregation means a separation by a distance of at least 12 metres horizontally. The same distance has to be applied if one package is stowed on deck and the other one in an upper compartment.
4 - Separated longitudinally by an intervening complete compartment or hold from - Vertical separation alone does not meet this requirement. Between a package under deck and one on deck, a minimum distance of 24 metres,including a complete compartment, must be maintained longitudinally. For on deck stowage, this segregation means a separation by a distance of at least 24 metres longitudinally.
A Segregation table is given which shows the general provisions for segregation between the various classes of dangerous goods.
SINCE THE PROPERTIES OF SUBSTANCES, MATERIALS OR ARTICLES WITHIN EACH CLASS MAY
VARY GREATLY, THE DANGEROUS GOODS LIST SHALL ALWAYS BE CONSULTED FOR PARTICULAR
PROVISIONS FOR SEGREGATION AS, IN THE CASE OF CONFLICTING PROVISIONS, THESE TAKE
PRECEDENCE OVER THE GENERAL PROVISIONS.
SEGREGATION SHALL ALSO TAKE ACCOUNT OF A SINGLE SUBSIDIARY RISK LABEL.
For the purposes of the segregation provisions for the various means of transport by sea, this chapter has
been subdivided as follows:
.1 segregation of packages:
.2 segregation of cargo transport units on board container ships:
.3 segregation of cargo transport units on board roll-on/roll-off ships:
.4 segregation in shipborne barges and on board barge-carrying ships:
.5 segregation between bulk materials possessing chemical hazards and dangerous goods in packaged
form
For segregation of DG on container ships 2 tables are given as below-
Table of segregation of freight containers on board container ships
Table of segregation of cargo transport units on board hatchless container ships
After identyfying the segregation provision from the general table the applicable container table is refered for close vs close, close vs open or open vs open both vertical and horizontally which gives the required container space in between.
Container space means a distance of not less than 6 m fore and aft or not less than 2.4 m athwartships.
Q. 1359) Stowaways are governed by which convention ? briefly explain ?
X
The Brussels convention of 1957 never entered into force.
In January 2002 the IMO (International Maritime Organization) decided to amend the 1965 Convention on Facilitation of International Maritime Traffic (FAL convention), to include standards and recommended practices for dealing with stowaways. The standards and recommended practices for stowaways are based on the Guidelines on the Allocation of Responsibilities to Seek the Successful Resolution of Stowaway Cases, adopted in 1997, which set out the basic principles to be applied in stowaway cases. The 2002 amendments entered into force on May 1st 2003 and are the first binding regulations concerning stowaways.
Q. 1360) Capacity and requirements of emergency fire pump ?
XAn emergency fire pump should be an independently driven self-contained pump either with its
own prime mover and fuel supply fitted in an accessible position outside the compartment which
may be an emergency generator of sufficient capacity and positioned in a safe place outside the
engine room and above the freeboard deck
3. The emergency fire pump, sea suction and other valves should be operable from outside the
compartment containing the main fire pump and in a position not likely to be cut off by fire in that
compartment;
4. The capacity of the emergency pump should not be less than 40% of the total capacity of the fire
pumps required by this Article.
