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MASTER EXAM ORAL QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS - LATEST QUESTIONS | Page 30
Q. 291) What information do you get from dry docking plan ?
X
It provides useful information when drydocking the vessel. It provides measurements needed by the drydock personnel to position the blocks and sidebeds (bilgeshore). Apart from that it provides other information as well, such as docking draught and trim, air draught, hull paint areas, weights aboard to achieve docking trim, grades of steel used in specified areas and position of bottom plugs, echo sounder and log , draught sensors. The docking plan is useful alternative to the GA plan and the capacity plan when measurements are required
Q. 292) Action codes to psc
X
When deficiencies are found on board ships during a PSC inspection, the inspector mentions the action to be taken for the same in number codes. Code number "30" means "Grounds for Detention" others are mentioned below:
Following codes are mainly used:
30 = Grounds for detention
17 = Master instructed to rectify deficiency before departure
16 = to be rectified within 14 days
15 = to be rectified at next port of call
19 = rectify major non-conformity before departure
18 = rectify non-conformity within 3 months
10 = deficiency rectified
40 = next port informed
47 = as in agreed class conditions
50 = Flagstate/consul informed
70 = Classification society informed
80 = temporary repair
99 = to be specified in free text
CODE 10 Definition: deficiency rectified.
CODE 12 Definition: all deficiencies rectified.
CODE 15 Definition: Rectify deficiency at next port.
CODE 16 Definition: Rectify deficiency within 14 days.
CODE 17 Definition: Master instructed to rectify deficiency before departure
CODE 18 Definition: Rectify non-conformity within 3 months
CODE 19 Definition: Rectify major non-conformity before departure
CODE 30 Definition: Ground for detention.
CODE 35 Definition: Ship allowed to sail after detention
CODE 36 Definition: Ship allowed to sail after follow-up detention.
Attention: when a follow-up detention is lifted, the second port has to use code 36 instead of 35.
CODE 40 Definition: next port informed.
Application: PSCO of the “next port†shall board the ship to check deficiencies to be rectified.
PSCO of the “next port†may carry out an additional inspection.
CODE 45 Definition: next port informed to re-detain.
Application: used in case when a second port is involved in the continuation or follow-up of a detention.
CODE 50 Definition: Flag State/ Consul informed.
CODE 55 Definition: Flag State consulted.
CODE 70 Definition: Classification Society informed
CODE 80 Definition: Temporary/provisional substitution or repair of equipment or exemption granted.
CODE 85 Definition: Investigation in contravention of discharge provisions (MARPOL 73/78)
CODE 95 Definition: Letter of warning issued
CODE 96 Definition: Letter of warning withdrawn
CODE 99 Definition: Others
Application: Code 99 is used if it is impossible to code an action taken with the existing codes.
Q. 293) Why do you need to carry a grain stability booklet ? when you have an intact stability
XGrain stability booklet help us determine the volumetric heeling moment due to grain shift, which we compare against the allowable heeling moment and we can find the heel angle and the the residual dynamical stability which should be less than 12deg and 0.075m*rad.
But the actual intact stability of the ship is calculated with the stability booklet.
Basically it is provided to calculate the heeling moment due to grain, which is a major hazard.
Q. 294) What is surfing and broaching , what is the action required to prevent ?
XSurfing
When a ship is situated on the steep forefront of a high wave in following or quartering sea conditions, the ship can be accelerated to ride on the wave. This is known as surf-riding. In this situation the so-called broaching-to phenomenon may occur, which endangers the ship to capsizing as a result of a sudden change of the ship’s heading and unexpected large heeling.
Broaching
Broaching is an unintentional change in the horizontal-plane kinematics of a ship. Broadly, it may be described as the “loss of heading†by an actively steered ship, that is accompanied by an uncontrollable build-up of large deviation from the desired course. Broaching is more The third distinctively identified, commonly arising in waves which come from behind and propagate in a direction forming a small angle, say 10-30deg, with the longitudinal axis of the ship. Although the inception of broaching represents a problem of instability on the horizontal plane, capsize may be incurred at the post critical stage due to development of large heel as energy is transferred into the roll direction. Broaching could happen to small as well as to larger ships. It is notable however that the dynamics involved do not seem to fit always into a single pattern. Frequently, broaching is manifested as a sudden divergent yaw, which peaks within a single wave length. Control is lost when the middle of the ship lies somewhere on the down-slope and nearer to the trough. In other cases there is a gradual, oscillatory-type build-up of yaw as successive waves impinge on the ship from behind. In moderate sea states a ship is more likely to broach-to if it runs with a high speed and is slowly overtaken by the waves. Broaching may also occur at lower speeds if the waves are very steep.
Action :Course and speed to be changed to avoid surf riding and broaching
Q. 295) Enclosed lifeboat mainenance if also a rescue boat
XAnnual Thorough Examination: Lifeboats.The following items should be examined and checked for satisfactory condition and operation:.
1 condition of lifeboat structure including fixed and loose equipment;.
2 engine and propulsion system;.
3 sprinkler system, where fitted;.
4 air supply system, where fitted;.
5 manoeuvring system;.
6 power supply system; and.
7 bailing system. 9
Release gear
The following should be examined for satisfactory condition and operation after the annual winch brake test with the empty boat:.
1 operation of devices for activation of release gear;.
2 excessive free play (tolerances);.
3 hydrostatic interlock system, where fitted;.
4 cables for control and release; and.
5 hook fastening.
Release gear operational test of on-load release function.
1 position the lifeboat partially into the water such that the mass of the boat is substantially supported by the falls and the hydro static interlock system, where fitted, is not triggered;.
2 operate the on-load release gear;.
3 reset the on-load release gear; and
.4 examine the release gear and hook fastening to ensure that the hook is completely reset and no damage has occurred.
Release gear operational test of off-load release function.
1 position the lifeboat fully waterborne;
.2 operate the off-load release gear;.
3 reset the on-load release gear; and.
4 recover the lifeboat to the stowed position and prepare for operational readiness.
Davit The following items should be examined for satisfactory condition and operation:.
1 davit structure, in particular with regard to corrosion, misalignments, deformations and excessive free play;.
2 wires and sheaves, possible damages such as kinks and corrosion;.
3 lubrication of wires, sheaves and moving parts;.
4 functioning of limit switches;.
5 stored power systems; and.
6 hydraulic systems.
Annual Thorough Examination: Winch The following items should be examined for satisfactory condition and operation:
.1 open and inspect brake mechanism;.2 replace brake pads, if necessary;.3 remote control system;.4 power supply system; and.5 winch foundation.
Dynamic Winch Brake Test1 Annual operational testing should preferably be done by lowering the empty boat. When the boat has reached its maximum lowering speed and before the boat enters the water, the brake should be abruptly applied. 15
16. Dynamic Winch Brake Test2 The five-year operational test should be done by lowering the boat loaded to a proof load equal to 1.1 times the weight of the survival craft or rescue boat and its full complement of persons and equipment, or equivalent load. When the boat has reached its maximum lowering speed and before the boat enters the water, the brake should be abruptly applied.3 Following these tests, the brake pads and stressed structural parts should be re-inspected. 16
17. Overhaul of on-load release gear Overhaul of on-load release gear includes:.1 dismantling of hook release units;.2 examination with regard to tolerances and design requirements;.3 adjustment of release gear system after assembly;.4 operational test as per above and with a load according to SOLAS regulation III/20.11.2.3;and.5 examination of vital parts with regard to defects and cracks
Importantly dont forget to mention FPD and Recovery strap maintenance and to replace every five years.
Q. 296) How load line exemption certificate is issued and which conditions ?
XArticle 6
Exemptions
1.Ships when engaged on international voyages between the near neighbouring ports of two or more States may be exempted by the Administration from the provisions of the present Convention, so long as they shall remain engaged on such voyages, if the Governments of the States in which such ports are
situated shall be satisfied that the sheltered nature or conditions of such voyages between such ports make it unreasonable or impracticable to apply the provisions of the present Convention to ships engaged on such voyages.
2.The Administration may exempt any ship which embodies features of a novel kind from any of the provisions of this Convention the application of which might seriously impede research into the development of such features and their incorporation in ships engaged on international voyages. Any such ship shall, however, comply with safety requirements, which, in the opinion of that Administration, are adequate for the service for which it is intended and are such as to ensure the overall safety of the ship and which are acceptable to the Governments of the States to be visited by the ship.
3.The Administration which allows any exemption under paragraphs (1) and (2) of this Article shall communicate to the Inter-Governmental Maritime Consultative Organization (hereinafter called the Organization) particulars of the same and reasons therefor which the Organization shall circulate to the Contracting Governments for their information.
4.A ship which is not normally engaged on international voyages but which, in exceptional circumstances, is required to undertake a single international voyage may be exempted by the Administration from any of the requirements of the present Convention, provided that it complies with safety requirements which, in the opinion of that Administration, are adequate for the voyage which is to be undertaken by the ship.
The validity is generally for a voyage from one port to other mentioned in the exemption certificate or for the period same as what the loadline certficate would have been if there was no exepmtion.
Ships when engaged on international voyages between the near neighbouring ports of two or more States may be exempted by the Administration from the provisions of the present Convention, so long as they shall remain engaged on such voyages, if the Governments of the States in which such ports are situated shall be satisfied that the sheltered nature or conditions of such voyages between such ports make it unreasonable or impracticable to apply the provisions of the present Convention to ships engaged on such voyages
Q. 297) Can the mmd chief examiner cancel / suspend your coc ?
XMerchant Shipping (Cancellation or Suspension of Certificate of Competency) Rules, 2003
Grounds for cancellation or Suspension of Certificates of Competency by Chief Examiner of Master & Mates or Chief Examiner of Engineers--
Any Certificate of Competency, which has been granted by the Central Government or an officer duly authorized by it in this behalf, to any person may be cancelled or suspended for any specified length of period by the Chief Examiner of Master and Mates or the Chief Examiner of Engineers, on the following circumstances :--
Incompetency, omission or commission of such acts by the holder of the Certificate, which may lead to personal injury, death or shipping casualty.
If it is found that the said person is guilty of any gross act of misconduct, drunkenness or tyranny, or in a case of collision, has failed to render assistance, or to give such information, or that the loss, stranding or abandonment of, or damage to any ship, or loss of life has been caused by his wrongful act or default.
Enquiry into misconduct/incompetency-
The cancellation or suspension of Certificate of Competency shall be made only after enquiry by the Chief Examiner or an authorized Officer on his behalf.
Issue of show cause notice---
No order shall be passed for cancellation or suspension of certificates unless the person concerned has been given a reasonable opportunity of giving representation against the proposed order through appropriate show cause notice.
Provision for appeal against order of cancellation/suspension---
A person whose certificate has been cancelled or suspended may appeal against such order to the Director General of Shipping within 30 days from the date of receipt of such order canceling or suspending his Certificate of Competency. The decision of the Director General of Shipping shall be final.
Q. 298) Ms act applies to which all ships ? your vessel is a panama flag vessel , mid of arabian
XNo it doesn’t apply, MS act applies to only Indian registered vessels and vessels in Indian waters including territorial waters.
Yes COC rules are different. Ms rules regarding cancellation do apply, as when is it cancelled it applies to all ships. They have power to cancel based on other authority complaints also….
Q. 299) Insted of a B / L what other documents is issued ?
X
Under Art. III of the Hague-Visby Rules, a carrier must, on demand, provide the shipper with a bill of lading; but if the shipper agrees, a lesser document such as a "sea waybill" may be issued instead. In recent years, the use of bills of lading has declined, and they have tended to be replaced with the sea waybill.
Q. 300) Define shipping casuality. what are the enquiries. (pi fi coi )
XShipping casualty is a term under ms act to describe an undesired event that leads to any loss of life or loss/damage to an Indian ship anywhere or any other ship in or near the coast of india.
For the purpose of investigations and inquiries, a shipping casualty shall be deemed to occur when--
(a) on or near the coasts of India, any ship is lost, abandoned, stranded or materially damaged;
(b) on or near the coasts of India, any ship causes loss or material damage to any other ship;
(c) any loss of life ensues by reason of any casualty happening to or on board any ship on or near the coasts of India;
(d) in any place, any such loss, abandonment, stranding, material damage or casualty as above mentioned occurs to or on board any Indian ship, and any competent witness thereof is found in India;
(e) any Indian ship is lost or is supposed to have been lost, and any evidence is obtainable in India as to the circumstances under which she proceeded to sea or was last heard of.
Enquires
PI- Preliminary Inquiry
Upon receiving notice of any shipping casuality the central govt can appoint any authorized person to conduct a preliminary enquiry. Such inquiry made need to be reported in writing by the officer to the Central govt.
FI – Formal investigation
CI- Court of Inquiry.
** Judicial magistrate or metropolitan magistrate can conduct formal investigation or inquiry
** Min Two and max Four assessors can be appointed for the investigation , out of which at least one should be conversant with maritime affairs and other should be conversant with mercantile affairs
** If cancelling certificate, minimum two assessors should have experience in merchant service.
