MASTER EXAM ORAL QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS - LATEST QUESTIONS | Page 132

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Clear grounds: Evidence that the ship, its equipment, or its crew does not correspond substantially to the requirements of the relevant conventions or that the master or crew members are not familiar with essential shipboard procedures relating to the safety of ships or the prevention of pollution.

 Clear grounds to conduct a more detailed inspection include:

.1. the absence of principal equipment or arrangements required by the conventions;

.2. evidence from a review of the ships certificates that a certificate or certificates are clearly invalid;

.3. evidence that documentation required by the Conventions and listed in appendix 4 is not on board, incomplete, not maintained or falsely maintained;

.4. evidence from the PSCOs general impressions and observations that serious hull or structural deterioration or deficiencies exist that may place at risk the structural, watertight or weathertight integrity of the ship;

.5. evidence from the PSCOs general impressions or observations that serious deficiencies exist in the safety, pollution prevention, or navigational equipment;

.6. information or evidence that the master or crew is not familiar with essential shipboard operations relating to the safety of ships or the prevention of pollution, or that such operations have not been carried out;

.7. indications that key crew members may not be able to communicate with each other or with other persons on board;

.8. the emission of false distress alerts not followed by proper cancellation procedures;

.9. receipt of a report or complaint containing information that a ship appears to be substandard.

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For the purpose of control on compliance with on board operational requirements, examples of “clear grounds” are, amongst others,
the following:  
a. A report or notification by another Authority;  
b. A Report or complaint by the master, a crew member, or any person or organization with a legitimate interest in the safe
operation of the ship, unless the Authority concerned deems the report or complaint to be manifestly unfounded.  
c. The ship has been accused of an alleged violation of the provisions on discharge of harmful substances or effluents;  
d. The ship has been evolved in a collision, grounding or standing on its way to the port;  
e. The emission of false distress alerts not followed by proper cancellation procedures;  
f. The ship has been identified as priority case for inspection;  
g. The ship is flying the flag of a non-party to relevant instruments ;  
h. During examination of the certificates and documents, inaccuracies have been revealed or have not been properly kept or updated.  

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As per part XII of MSA, section 373-376, Marine board is convened by an Indian Consular Officer or Senior Naval officer when a shipping casualty occurs outside India or a complaint is received against the master, officers or vessel of India. It consists of the Convener and two other members conversant with maritime affairs.
The board carries out inquiries into the casualty or complaints and based on its finding can replace master, officers, suspend their certificates, order discharge and repatriation of seafarers (basically all powers of judicial magistrate wrt casualty investigation except cancellation of certificates).

8.72 K
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Group of Experts on the Scientific Aspects of Marine Environmental Protection (GESAMP) was established in 1967 by a number of United Nations Agencies. GESAMP deals with all scientific aspects on the prevention, reduction and control of the degradation of the marine environment to sustain life support systems, resources and amenities.

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Joint group of Experts on the Scientific Aspects of Marine Environmental Protection   ref IBC code

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Group of Experts on the Scientific Aspects of Marine Environmental protection

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Only losses & damage or expenses which are the direct consequence of the G.A. act. No indirect losses

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International Maritime Bureau (IMB) is a specialised division of the International Chamber Of Commerce (ICC). The IMB is a non-profit making organisation, established in 1981 to act as a focal point in the fight against all types of maritime crime and malpractice.
IMB’s main task is to protect the integrity of international trade by seeking out fraud and malpractice. For over 25 years, it has used industry knowledge, experience and access to a large number of well-placed contacts around the world to do this: identifying and investigating frauds, spotting new criminal methods and trends, and highlighting other threats to trade.

The information gathered from sources and during investigations is provided to members in the form of timely advice via a number of different communication routes. It lists the threats and explains how members can reduce their vulnerability to them. Over the years, this approach has thwarted many attempted frauds and saved the shipping and trading industry many millions of dollars.

The IMB provides an authentication service for trade finance documentation. It also investigates and reports on a number of other topics, notably documentary credit fraud, charter party fraud, cargo theft, ship deviation and ship finance fraud.

As well as helping to prevent crime, the IMB also has a duty to educate both the shipping community and a wider audience that comprises just about every entity engaged in trade. To this end, the IMB runs a regular series of courses and training programmes that have a wide-ranging syllabus and many proven benefits. It also offers bespoke consultancy services in areas such as ship and port security.

One of the IMB’s principal areas of expertise is in the suppression of piracy. Concerned at the alarming growth in the phenomenon, this led to the creation of the IMB Piracy Reporting Centre in 1992. The Centre is based in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. It maintains a round-the-clock watch on the world’s shipping lanes, reporting pirate attacks to local law enforcement and issuing warnings about piracy hotspots to shipping.
Financial support to the Piracy Reporting Centre has been received from from the following companies:

Assuranceforeningen SKULD
Britannia Steam Ship Insurance Association Limited
Den Norske Krigsforsikring for Skib, Norway
European Commission
Japan P&I Club, Japan
Standard Steam Ship Mutual P&I Association
Steamship Insurance Management Services Ltd
The North of England P&I Association Ltd
Taskos Shipping