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MASTER EXAM ORAL QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS - LATEST QUESTIONS | Page 133
Q. 1321) What is ballast bonus ? is ballast bonus only in voyage or time charterer or both ? exception clauses ?
X
A ballast bonus is a time charter concept and it refers to a lumpsum payment 'sometimes' made to a shipowner (by the charterer) as compensation for delivering a ship in a loading region of the world!
Q. 1322) Which all vessels will the PSC not inspect ?
Xv/l visiting our ports frm adjsent countries use for govermental offical transport,warships,fpso!!,ferries use for less dn 1 hr sailing,supply v/l....etc.
Noble vessels,vessel's used for governmental purposes,war ships and vessel's outside the scope of IMO shall not be subjected to PSC inspections.
Q. 1323) Twin screw propellor which one would you prefer inward or outward and reason ?
X
outward turning propeeler,because of better manoueverabilty at low speed.off set coz of propeller shift and transverse thrust act in the same dirn
Q. 1324) What is the segregation in IMDG code ? how do you do it for container ship ?
XIMDG code Vol1 chapter 7.2 on Segregation gives all the information on segregation.
Basically there are 4 types of segregation-
1 - Away from - Effectively segregated so that the incompatible goods cannot interact dangerously in the event of an accident but may be transported in the same compartment or hold or on deck, provided a minimum horizontal separation of 3 metres, projected vertically, is obtained.
2 - Separated from- In different compartments or holds when stowed under deck. Provided the intervening deck is resistant to fire and liquid, a vertical separation, i.e. in different compartments, may be accepted as equivalent to this segregation. For on deck stowage, this segregation means a separation by a distance of at least 6 metres horizontally.
3 - Separated by a complete compartment or hold from - Either a vertical or a horizontal separation. If the intervening decks are not resistant to fire and liquid, then only a longitudinal separation, i.e. by an intervening complete compartment or hold, is acceptable. For on deck stowage, this segregation means a separation by a distance of at least 12 metres horizontally. The same distance has to be applied if one package is stowed on deck and the other one in an upper compartment.
4 - Separated longitudinally by an intervening complete compartment or hold from - Vertical separation alone does not meet this requirement. Between a package under deck and one on deck, a minimum distance of 24 metres,including a complete compartment, must be maintained longitudinally. For on deck stowage, this segregation means a separation by a distance of at least 24 metres longitudinally.
A Segregation table is given which shows the general provisions for segregation between the various classes of dangerous goods.
SINCE THE PROPERTIES OF SUBSTANCES, MATERIALS OR ARTICLES WITHIN EACH CLASS MAY
VARY GREATLY, THE DANGEROUS GOODS LIST SHALL ALWAYS BE CONSULTED FOR PARTICULAR
PROVISIONS FOR SEGREGATION AS, IN THE CASE OF CONFLICTING PROVISIONS, THESE TAKE
PRECEDENCE OVER THE GENERAL PROVISIONS.
SEGREGATION SHALL ALSO TAKE ACCOUNT OF A SINGLE SUBSIDIARY RISK LABEL.
For the purposes of the segregation provisions for the various means of transport by sea, this chapter has
been subdivided as follows:
.1 segregation of packages:
.2 segregation of cargo transport units on board container ships:
.3 segregation of cargo transport units on board roll-on/roll-off ships:
.4 segregation in shipborne barges and on board barge-carrying ships:
.5 segregation between bulk materials possessing chemical hazards and dangerous goods in packaged
form
For segregation of DG on container ships 2 tables are given as below-
Table of segregation of freight containers on board container ships
Table of segregation of cargo transport units on board hatchless container ships
After identyfying the segregation provision from the general table the applicable container table is refered for close vs close, close vs open or open vs open both vertical and horizontally which gives the required container space in between.
Container space means a distance of not less than 6 m fore and aft or not less than 2.4 m athwartships.
Q. 1325) Stowaways are governed by which convention ? briefly explain ?
X
The Brussels convention of 1957 never entered into force.
In January 2002 the IMO (International Maritime Organization) decided to amend the 1965 Convention on Facilitation of International Maritime Traffic (FAL convention), to include standards and recommended practices for dealing with stowaways. The standards and recommended practices for stowaways are based on the Guidelines on the Allocation of Responsibilities to Seek the Successful Resolution of Stowaway Cases, adopted in 1997, which set out the basic principles to be applied in stowaway cases. The 2002 amendments entered into force on May 1st 2003 and are the first binding regulations concerning stowaways.
Q. 1326) Requirements of steering gear test ?
XInternational Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea, 1974, as Amended
Chapter V Safety of Navigation
Regulation 26 Steering gear: Testing and drills
1. Within 12 hours before departure, the ship%u2019s steering gear shall be checked and tested by the ship%u2019s crew. The test procedure shall include, where applicable, the operation of the following:
.1. the main steering gear;
.2. the auxiliary steering gear;
.3. the remote steering gear control systems;
.4. the steering positions located on the navigation bridge;
.5. the emergency power supply;
.6. the rudder angle indicators in relation to the actual position of the rudder;
.7. the remote steering gear control system power failure alarms;
.8. the steering gear power unit failure alarms; and
.9. automatic isolating arrangements and other automatic equipment.
2. The checks and tests shall include:
.1. the full movement of the rudder according to the required capabilities of the steering gear;
.2. a visual inspection for the steering gear and its connecting linkage; and
.3. the operation of the means of communication between the navigation bridge and steering gear compartment.
3.1. Simple operating instructions with a block diagram showing the change-over procedures for remote steering gear control systems and steering gear power units shall be permanently displayed on the navigation bridge and in the steering compartment.
3.2. All ships%u2019 officers concerned with the operation and/or maintenance of steering gear shall be familiar with the operation of the steering systems fitted on the ship and with the procedures for changing from one system to another.
4. In addition to the routine checks and tests prescribed in paragraphs 1 and 2, emergency steering drills shall take place at least once every three months in order to practise emergency steering procedures. These drills shall include direct control within the steering gear compartment, the communications procedure with the navigation bridge and, where applicable the operation of alternative power supplies.
5. The Administration may waive the requirements to carry out the checks and tests prescribed in paragraphs 1 and 2 for ships which regularly engage on voyages of short duration. Such ships shall carry out these checks and tests at least once every week.
6. The date upon which the checks and tests prescribed in paragraphs 1 and 2 are carried out and the date and details of emergency steering drills carried out under paragraph 4, shall be recorded
Q. 1327) Sua convention in detail ?
XConvention for the Suppression of Unlawful Acts Against the Safety of Maritime Navigation, 1988
Adoption: 10 March 1988
Entry into force: 1 March 1992
The main purpose of the convention is to ensure that appropriate action is taken against persons committing unlawful acts against ships. These include:
the seizure of ships by force;
acts of violence against persons on board ships; and
the placing of devices on board a ship which are likely to destroy or damage it.
The convention obliges Contracting Governments either to extradite or prosecute alleged offenders.
The original Convention and Protocol from 1988 were the reaction of the international community
to the appalling hijacking of the cruise ship Achille Lauro in 1985 which resulted in the murder of one of its passengers, and a way to show unity after the diplomatic crisis that followed. The 2005 revision is the reaction to the enhanced sensitivity to terrorist threats following the destruction of the World Trade Center in NewYork. It was soon
realised that a ship could be used in a terrorist attack just as easily as an aircraft, and with potentially much greater effect.
2005 Protocol to the SUA Convention entered into force 28th july 2010.
Among the unlawful acts covered by the SUA Convention in Article 3 are the seizure of ships by force; acts of violence against persons on board ships; and the placing of devices on board a ship which are likely to destroy or damage it.
The 2005 Protocol to the SUA Convention adds a new Article 3b is which states that a person commits an offence within the meaning of the Convention if that person unlawfully and intentionally:
· when the purpose of the act, by its nature or context, is to intimidate a population, or to compel a Government or an international organization to do or to abstain from any act:
- uses against or on a ship or discharging from a ship any explosive, radioactive material or BCN (biological, chemical, nuclear) weapon in a manner that causes or is likely to cause death or serious injury or damage;
- discharges, from a ship, oil, liquefied natural gas, or other hazardous or noxious substance, in such quantity or concentration that causes or is likely to cause death or serious injury or damage;
- uses a ship in a manner that causes death or serious injury or damage;
· transports on board a ship any explosive or radioactive material, knowing that it is intended to be used to cause, or in a threat to cause, death or serious injury or damage for the purpose of intimidating a population, or compelling a Government or an international organization to do or to abstain from doing any act;
· transports on board a ship any BCN weapon, knowing it to be a BCN weapon;
· any source material, special fissionable material, or equipment or material especially designed or prepared for the processing, use or production of special fissionable material, knowing that it is intended to be used in a nuclear explosive activity or in any other nuclear activity not under safeguards pursuant to an IAEA comprehensive safeguards agreement; and
·
transports on board a ship any equipment, materials or software or related technology that significantly contributes to the design, manufacture or delivery of a BCN weapon, with the intention that it will be used for such purpose.
The transportation of nuclear material is not considered an offence if such item or material is transported to or from the territory of, or is otherwise transported under the control of, a State Party to the Treaty on the Non Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons (Subject to conditions).
Under the new instrument, a person commits an offence within the meaning of the Convention if that person unlawfully and intentionally transports another person on board a ship knowing that the person has committed an act that constitutes an offence under the SUA Convention or an offence set forth in any treaty listed in the Annex. The Annex lists nine such treaties.
The new instrument also makes it an offence to unlawfully and intentionally injure or kill any person in connection with the commission of any of the offences in the Convention; to attempt to commit an offence; to participate as an accomplice; to organize or direct others to commit an offence; or to contribute to the commissioning of an offence.
A new Article requires Parties to take necessary measures to enable a legal entity (this could be a company or organization, for example) to be made liable and to face sanctions when a person responsible for management of control of that legal entity has, that capacity, committed an offence under the Convention
Note - India has ratified the SUA convention & protocol of 1988 but not 2005!
Q. 1328) Dual registry what do you know ?
XDual registry is allowed in some cases (vessel registered under one country, but simultaneous registry permitted on bareboat charter registry of another country).
Q. 1329) Seaman's identity document ?
XImplements ILO Convention No. 185. Contains and approves the Regulation for the Seafarer's identity document; the Regulations for the seaman's book; model seaman's book; and the description of the format for the seaman's book.
Convention no. 108 - Seafarers' Identity Documents Convention, 1958 (No. 108) In Force from 17 Jan 2005
The Convention was revised in 2003 by Convention No. 185 but not yet ratified by india.
In the wake of the terrorist attacks of 11 September 2001, the International Labour Organization took steps to revise its 1958 Convention on seafarers’ identity documents (also known as “seafarers’ IDs” or “SIDs”), under an accelerated procedure. The new Convention, the Seafarers’ Identity Documents Convention (Revised), 2003 (No. 185), which was adopted by the
International Labour Conference in June 2003, introduced modern security features into the seafarers’ ID to help to resolve the urgent question of seafarers being refused admission into the territory of countries visited by their ships for the purposes of shore leave and transit and transfer to join or change ships. One of those security features is a fingerprint biometric template, which shall be printed as numbers in a PDF417 bar code “conforming to a standard to be developed.
Q. 1330) Full procedure of insurance of vessel ? does you / w issue the policy ? if not then who issues ?
XOn instructions from the assured (the shipowner), the broker prepares a document called a slip for presentation of details of the subject matter (the ship) to underwriters. The broker first takes the slip to an influential lead underwriter, who, if he accepts the terms sought, stamps the slip, indicating on it the percentage of the risk which he is accepting on behalf of his (Lloyds) syndicate or (IUA) company, and initialling or signing it The broker then approaches a succession of other underwriters, and in the same way obtains lines from each of them, until the risk is 100% covered. The broker then prepares details of the cover on a cover note and sends this to the assured for his approval. If the assured approves the terms, a formal Lloyds or Companies policy document is drawn up (depending on where the lead insurance was obtained) with the relevant Institute clauses attached (e. g. Institute Hull Clauses, Institute Strike Clauses, etc. ).
