1> a gun or other explosive fired
2>a cont sounding of fog signal
3>rockets or shells
4> n.c. flag
5>mayday
6> sos
7> ball, square ,ball
8> flames, smoke signal, raising lowering of arms
example of SECA are north sea,baltic sea,north american waters.
and united nation carribean region
The Change in ships trim when being at motion or being stationary is called squat. The Squat is mainly experienced over in shallow waters it increases with square of the speed of the ship in order to reduce squat ship speed has to be reduced squat is calculated by the formulae
squat= V(square)/100*Cb
Squat is a bodily sinkage of a ship due to its movement through the water and is depend on speed, ship form, and the underwater clearance.
The overall decrease in the underkeel clearance fwd. and aft is called squat.
TO ELIMINATE SQUAT;
reduce speed,
Sufficiant UKC is to be kept to avoid SQUAT.
Vector charts are more advantageous than raster chart because vector chart enables user to select many alarms, such as depth alarms, various modes such as head up and north up, Zooming facility, Add or remove the data required.
as it is in vector charts info stored in layers so u can select the reqd info which v cant do on vecor charts .
type approved by admin.
test results laid n ispp cert.
shal nt produce visible float nor discoloration of surrounding water.
OSC - On scene Coordinator
MRCC - Maritime Rescue Coordination Center.
MCC - Mission coordination center
LUT - Local User Terminal
about duties of OSC refer IAMSAR vol3
Phasing:
Phasing is a method used in echo sounder to determine depth of the sea bottom. In this method the speed of the stylus is kept constant and the range scale is changed from 0-100 mtrs , 100-200 mtrs , 200-300 mtrs and so on. It is important that the echo sounder range changed and regularly checked.
Ranging:
Ranging is technique were the scale of the echo sounder is kept constant and the stylus is varied according to the depth scale chose. E.g.- 0-100, 0-200, 0-300 mtrs ans so on
PHASING:phasing is a method in echo sounder to determine the depth of water where the speed of stylus changed but scale is constant
Annex IV Regulations for the Prevention of Pollution by Sewage from Ships
Annex V Regulations for the Prevention of Pollution by Garbage from Ships
barograph is a instrument which record the change in atm press. onboard ship.
for more detail read met book.
barograph is aneroid berometerwhich measuresd contonuous record of pressure on a paper chart,the barograph has continuous trace on the chart called barogram. the curved line indicate utc are two hor interval.after completing barogram entries regarding lat,long,dates,comparison with barometer are to be filled and it is kept along with the weather log books
